ABSTRACT
Background: Physical distancing under the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on lifestyles, including exercise routines. In this study, we examined the difference of tendency of addictive behaviors, such as excessive exercise and the usage of the image and performance-enhancing drug (IPED) across 12 sport disciplines Method: A large cross-sectional sample of the adult population (N= 2,295) was surveyed. The use of IPED was assessed in conjunction with psychometric measures such as the Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI). The participants were grouped into activity group (AG) and non-activity group (NAG) according to the presence or absence of their exercise habits. The results were compared between these groups, as well as across sport disciplines. Results: The frequency of IPEDs use was higher among AG (34.6%) than NAG (14.6%). The logistic regression analysis revealed that scores equal to or above cutoff points, in both the EAI and AAI, predicted the IPED use. Regarding the differences across the various sports disciplines, those who were involved in practicing Weight Lifting and Cross-Fit were found to be more at risk of excessive exercising and more inclined to use a wide range of IPED. Conversely, those who were engaged in walking is low EAI as well as a low rate of IPED use. Conclusions: These results may indicate that excessive exercise is associated with the risk of cross-addiction with substance intake, particularly in disciplines that demand high-intensity functional training.
ABSTRACT
The World Robot Summit (WRS) is a robotic 'challenge and exposition' organized by the Japanese government to accelerate social implementation, research and development of robots working in realistic daily life, society, and industrial fields. In this paper, we introduce a robot competition of the Industrial Robotics Category of the WRS, called 'Assembly Challenge', which is organized by the WRS Industrial Robotics Competition Committee in order to promote the development of the next-generation production systems that can respond to new production demands in agile and lean manners. After the pre-competition held in Tokyo in October 2018, the main competition, the WRS 2020, was originally scheduled to be held in Aichi (partly in Fukushima) in 2020, which was also the Olympic year. However, due to the pandemic of COVID-19, the event was postponed, and the competition was actually held in Aichi in September 2021. In this paper, we introduce the contents and results of the WRS 2020 and analyze the results. We would also like to summarize the 5-year project since 2017 and discuss the outcomes of the WRS.